Zawiercie lies on the Warta River (the river finds its source here) in the Cracow-Wieluń Upland. It is situated in north-eastern part of the Province of Silesia, in the distance of 43 km from Katowice, 45 km from Częstochowa and 67 km from Cracow. Tourist tracks towards Triassic rocks of the Cracow-Częstochowa Jura and the track called "Eagle’s Nest" (Orle Gniazda)- fortified castles from the 14th and 15th century start from here. These sites are the part of the Eagle’s Nest Landscape Park (it covers 35,2 km of the town area), which nature is under protection. There are dolomites, ores of zinc, lead, calcium and brown coal in Zawiercie region and its neighbourhood.

Hydrography: Two springs of the Warta River rise to the surface in Kromołów district. Three springs of the Czarna Przemsza River flow out in Bzów district. The streams: Łośnicki, Rak (in which trout may be seen) and Strumień; the ponds: in Blanowice and in Borowe Pole.
Since 1998 the town has been the capital of the Zawiercie District, which apart from Zawiercie, consists of the following communes: Irządze, Kroczyce, Łazy, Ogrodzieniec, Pilica, Poręba, Szczekociny, Włodowice, Żarnowiec.